The James City Service Authority (JCSA) was created in 1969 by James City County pursuant to the Virginia Water and Sewer Authorities Act to provide safe, reliable, and affordable water and wastewater services to the area. The JCSA is the largest public water utility in Virginia totally dependent on groundwater and is overseen by a Board of Directors appointed by the County Board of Supervisors. It is a legally separate entity from James City County and provides services to its primary service area between Toano and Grove, and to limited sections of York County and the City of Williamsburg.